Monday
Livelihood Recovery Reading List
CARE (2002). Household livelihood security assessment, CARE.
Chambers, R. and G. Conway (1991). "Sustainable rural livelihoods: practical concepts for the 21st century." IDS Discussion Paper 296.
Coalition, N. C. (2016). Natural Capital Protocol, Natural Capital Coalition.
Department for International Development (1999). Sustainable livelihood guidance sheets, Department for International Development,.
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) (2003). Handbook for establishing the socio-economic and environmental effects of disasters, ECLAC.
FAO (2004). Livelihood diversification and natural resource access, FAO. LSP Working Paper 9.
FAO (2009). The livelihood assessment tool-kit: analyzing and responding to the impact of disasters on the livelihoods of people.
International Finance Corporation (2012). Performance Standard 5: Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement, International Finance Corporation.
International Recovery Platform (IRP) (2009). Gender and livelihood, IRP.
International Recovery Platform (IRP) (2009). Intervention strategy for sustainable livelihood recovery and selected case studies, IRP.
International Recovery Platform (IRP) (2009). Introduction to livelihood recovery, IRP.
International recovery Platform (IRP) (2009). Planning sustainable livelihood recovery, IRP.
International recovery Platform (IRP) (2009). Supporting livelihood in disaster recovery, IRP.
National Oceanic and Atmosphere Administration (USA NOAA) (2003). Guidelines for reducing floods losses. Dhaka, USA NOAA.
Natural Capital Finance Alliance (2012). The Natural Capital Declaration, Natural Capital Finance Alliance.
Oxfam (2002). Emergency Market Mapping and Analysis Toolkit, Oxfam.
ProVention Consortium (2005). South Asia earthquake 2005: Learning from previous recovery operations, ProVention Consortium.
The SEEP Network (2009). Minimum Standards For Economic Recovery After Crisis, The SEEP Network.
UNDP (2008). Guidance note on early recovery. Geneva, UNDP.
UNDP (2010). Guidance note on recovery, UNDP.
Phục hồi sinh kế là gì?
1) Thế nào là một sinh kế:
Một sinh kế bao gồm:
a) các năng lực,
b) tài sản (gồm các nguồn vật chất và xã hội), và,
c) các hoạt động cần thiết
để làm phương tiện sinh sống.
Một sinh kế được coi là bền vững khi nó:
d) có thể thích ứng với, và phục hồi từ, các căng thẳng và các cú sốc, và,
e) duy trì hoặc tăng cường các năng lực và tài sản của nó cả ở hiện tại và tương lai, mà,
f) không làm ảnh hưởng tới nền tảng nguồn lực tự nhiên
(Chambers and Conway 1991)
2) Thế nào là phục hồi sinh kế:
Từ định nghĩa trên, phục hồi sinh kế nghĩa là:
a) Phục hồi năng lực của hộ gia đình bị ảnh hưởng
b) Phục hồi tài sản sinh kế hộ gia đình bị ảnh hưởng
c) Phục hồi hoạt động của hộ gia đình bị bị ảnh hưởng
d) Phục hồi có nghĩa là ít nhất bằng như trước
e) Sinh kế được phục hồi phải bền vững
Đọc thêm
Chambers, R. and G. Conway (1991). "Sustainable rural livelihoods: practical concepts for the 21st century." IDS Discussion Paper 296.
Tuesday
LITERATURE ON NGO–STATE RELATIONS IN ASIA
(Kerkvliet 1995, Malarney 1996, Ma 2002, Hsu 2008, Marshall 2009, Gainsborough 2010, Heurlin 2010, Hsu 2010)
Through a case study of Vietnam, this paper explores what happens to neoliberal ideas about development when they encounter the very different political and cultural context of a developing country. The paper argues that although much scholarship tends implicitly or explicitly to emphasise the very great power of neoliberal institutions in our world today, an analysis of continuity and change in Vietnam during two decades of extensive engagement with neoliberal actors suggests that the influence of neoliberalism on the working of the Vietnamese state has been relatively small. The paper seeks both to document and explain this through an account which is attentive to both structure and agency and which in turn sheds new light on the nature of power in our world.
This paper attempts to take the first steps toward developing a theory of non-governmental organizations (NGO)-state relations under dictatorship. Drawing on evidence from East Asia, the author argues that dictatorships typically employ one of two strategies in attempting to govern NGOs. First, some dictatorships follow a corporatist strategy, in which business associations, development, and social welfare organizations are co-opted into the state and controlled through a variety of strategies. Second, other dictatorships pursue an exclusionary strategy in which NGOs are marginalized and replaced with state institutions. Variation in the strategy chosen may be explained by differing levels of elite competition and the type of development strategy. Single-party states tend to regulate elite conflicts better and thus often choose corporatist strategies. In personalist regimes dictators tend to fear the organizational and mobilizational potential of NGOs and thus tend to pursue exclusionary strategies. This choice, however, is conditioned by the development strategy employed, as socialist development strategies reduce the incentives to allow NGOs.
In the last two decades, the People's Republic of China has witnessed an explosion of NGOs. What will the implications be for state?society relations? This article, drawing upon research conducted at seven Chinese NGOs, critiques two approaches to analysing this problem: the civil society framework and the privatization perspective. It then proffers a third way: an approach based on organizational analysis. Both the civil society and privatization perspectives assume a zero-sum game between a monolithic state and NGOs/citizens. Yet empirical evidence reveals that Chinese NGOs are often much more interested in building alliances with state agencies and actors than in autonomy from the government. From an organizational perspective, this makes sense. As organizations, both NGOs and state agencies need to ensure a constant supply of necessary resources for the firm to survive, and their strategies for achieving this goal will be constrained by their actors' own institutional experiences and the cultural frameworks extant in their society. Alliances between Chinese NGOs and state agencies can help both types of organizations secure necessary resources and gain legitimacy.
Beginning in the 1990s, the People's Republic of China has experienced explosive growth in the number of non-governmental organizations. This article examines one of the earliest and most influential Chinese NGOs, Project Hope, a charitable organization which solicits donations to help poor rural children stay in school. The success of Project Hope and the subsequent growth of the non-profit sector are surprising given that China arguably has no history of an organizational form like the Western donative-style charity. As such, this case offers a rare opportunity to examine the rise of a new organizational form. New institutionalist and social capital theoretical approaches will be used to analyse the social mechanisms underlying practice of donative-style charity. Chinese cultural practices of giving to the needy in the premodern era and under Mao Zedong's socialist state (1949?1978) will be explicated to reveal the resources and constraints emerging Chinese charities faced in the post-socialist era. This article focuses on one problem that China's first Western-style charities had to address: how to establish the practice of voluntary giving to non-governmental organizations. It examines two of Project Hope's strategies and their consequences: (1) blurring the distinction between charitable organizations and the state and (2) building personal relationships between donors and recipients.
Why, since 1988, has the Vietnamese government reversed its commitment to collective farming and permitted the revival of family farming? BENEDICT KERKVLIET rejects the obvious explanation-that reversal followed naturally from the post-1986 policy of reform (d oi-moi) or that it merely mimicked Chinese policies. He proposes, as an alternative, that the Vietnamese government has responded with various kinds of accommodations since the mid-1970s to growing popular discontent with its agricultural policies. Borrowing a concept from Brantly Womack, Kerkvliet suggests that Communist parties must be "mass-regarding" both to establish their rule and to maintain it. He links this idea with James Scott's emphasis on the power of everyday peasant resistance to conclude that the Vietnamese Communist Party was responding to popular pressure from below. Thus, Kerkvliet finds that standard characterizations that represent the current regime in Vietnam as a "dominating state" or one that rules through "mobilization authoritarianism" overlook the existence of strong local social pressures that have the capacity for low-level resistance to government policy. Moreover, such characterizations also do not take into account that the Vietnamese state has displayed a long-term concern with ensuring that its policies are acceptable among the peasantry.
Does the surge of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in China indicate a shift in power away from the party-state and the emergence of a civil society? In an attempt to shed light on the relationship between the state and the NGOs, this article examines the aims of official NGO policy and its influence on the growth patterns of NGOs. The discussion is divided into three sections. The first section analyzes the NGO concept in China and the features of official policy. The second and third sections address two models of Chinese NGOs. The study concludes that even as the Chinese government remains the most decisive component in the development of NGOs, the state is withdrawing from responsibilities toward society. The interactive and mutually dependent relations between the government and NGOs indicate the continuing power of the party-state as well as the decline in its capacity to control the growth of organizations.
In this article I examine the history and consequences of the Vietnamese Communist Party's attempt to reform funerary rituals in the post-1954 period. By examining the mixed results of the campaign, I argue that "state functionalism," a phenomenon defined as the use of ritual by state officials to advance official objectives and ideology, cannot succeed in controlling all meanings and values mobilized in ritual. Official ideology, however, does not remain divorced from the values and ideals participants bring to reformed ritual practices. Instead, it enters into a transformative dialogue with its historical antecedents, producing a set of rituals, and ideas about ritual, different from what the cadres intended and what they replaced. [funerary ritual, Vietnam, ritual change, culture and ideology, socialist ritual]
Marshall, V.-N. (2009). "Tools of Empire? Vietnamese Catholics in South Vietnam." from http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/044402ar.
This article examines the social and political activities of Vietnamese Roman Catholics in South Vietnam in the period from the 1950s to the 1970s. The Catholics participation in the public sphere, ranging from joining humanitarian organizations to organizing street protests, suggests that they were highly organized and proactive in trying to change their social and political environment. While Catholics held some political views and goals in common with the South Vietnamese and the United States governments, they pursued their own objectives, engaged in local and national politics, critiqued government policy, and maintained an important degree of independence from state power and influence.
LITERATURE ON CHARITY IN VIETNAM
LITERATURE ON CHARITY IN VIETNAM
Barzin, Y. (2012). "The role of NGOs in rural Vietnam: a case study and critique." from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1753-6561/6/S4/P54.
No abstract available.
Civil society has been in operation under one-party rule in Vietnam in the years since the Doi Moi (renewal) in 1986. Despite the continued monopoly of political power by the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV), civil society has been gradually expanded and developed. The paper reviews recent arguments in the political science and area studies literature on the emergence of civil society in Vietnam's Doi Moi period over the past two decades, to comment on the dynamics of the relationship between civil society and the party-state, problematizing the development of civil society in the context of a one-party-dominated state. At a certain level, civil society has been ?tolerated?, ?endorsed?, or recognized by the party state to fill a gap in the governance network. In practice, it has never been an easy project for civil society to make its way into Vietnamese society given the party-state's Gramscian concession to maintain the existing hegemony.
This article examines how Vietnamese citizens responded to state exhortations to devalue and simplify marital exchanges. Such exhortations reflected Engels' belief ([1884] 1972) that the success of revolutionary socialism was contingent upon a transformation of marital institutions. Vietnam, a "weak" state with an otherwise home-grown socialist revolution, announced decrees to this end in the North after national partition in 1954 and in the South following political reunification in 1975. This article employs data from the author's 1993 field survey in a Northern and Southern province to track temporal changes in a variety of Vietnamese wedding practices. The results suggest that the socialist marriage pattern took hold in the Northern province only. Findings are linked to historical events, modernization, state-society bargaining processes, as well as the more general successes and failures of revolutionary socialism in Vietnam.
This paper attempts to take the first steps toward developing a theory of non-governmental organizations (NGO)-state relations under dictatorship. Drawing on evidence from East Asia, the author argues that dictatorships typically employ one of two strategies in attempting to govern NGOs. First, some dictatorships follow a corporatist strategy, in which business associations, development, and social welfare organizations are co-opted into the state and controlled through a variety of strategies. Second, other dictatorships pursue an exclusionary strategy in which NGOs are marginalized and replaced with state institutions. Variation in the strategy chosen may be explained by differing levels of elite competition and the type of development strategy. Single-party states tend to regulate elite conflicts better and thus often choose corporatist strategies. In personalist regimes dictators tend to fear the organizational and mobilizational potential of NGOs and thus tend to pursue exclusionary strategies. This choice, however, is conditioned by the development strategy employed, as socialist development strategies reduce the incentives to allow NGOs.
The growth of professional social work in Vietnam took a major step forward in 2004, with the approval of a new national curriculum for universities to teach degrees in social work. This article briefly examines the history of social work in Vietnam to provide background to these developments and then examines key questions facing Vietnamese social work education. These include issues of how professional education for social work is structured and integrated within universities, how social work educators are appropriately trained and how practicum opportunities are developed in a context where a formal profession of social work is still emerging. It is argued that while Vietnamese social work education must be understood as part of the global range of approaches to professional training, it is also vital for Vietnam to engage with the process of developing an authentic Vietnamese approach.
Marshall, V.-N. (2009). "Tools of Empire? Vietnamese Catholics in South Vietnam." from http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/044402ar.
This article examines the social and political activities of Vietnamese Roman Catholics in South Vietnam in the period from the 1950s to the 1970s. The Catholics participation in the public sphere, ranging from joining humanitarian organizations to organizing street protests, suggests that they were highly organized and proactive in trying to change their social and political environment. While Catholics held some political views and goals in common with the South Vietnamese and the United States governments, they pursued their own objectives, engaged in local and national politics, critiqued government policy, and maintained an important degree of independence from state power and influence.
While the application of corporate social responsibility (CSR) into business for sustainable development is becoming a popular trend in developed countries, this issue is considered relatively new to developing countries, particularly in Vietnam. In addition, CSR studies conducted in Vietnam remain very scarce. Most of the enterprises do not have adequate understandings of CSRs aspects, but the meaning of philanthropy. Hence, the thesis aims at examining the current understandings and implementation of CSR by Vietnamese enterprise. The theoretical framework provides readers an overview of CSR issue, including definition, three CSR models, and followed by an analysis of CSR in developing countries. The empirical part covers two large-listed company case studies as Vinamilk Corp. and Kinh Do Corp.The case studies present several CSR practices in four recent years, from 2009-2012, and reveal the achieved results.Using the inductive reasoning, together with the Qualitative research method, the thesis focuses on content analysis based on companies reports, websites, personal observation, and half-structured interviews with staff from two companies. In conclusion, the collected data from case studies are compared and collated to research question answers. The study findings state that Vietnamese enterprises have a greater perception of sustainable development in implementing corporate social responsibility practices.
A significant number and wide range of Vietnamese non-profit and voluntary organisations have developed since Vietnam embarked on a programme of economic reform in late 1986. Philanthropy has begun to grow as well, albeit more slowly. The non-profit and voluntary sector and the state, each face important challenges as development of the sector accelerates. The state has sought both to encourage growth of non-profit, voluntary and philanthropic institutions, but also to control the pace and directions of that growth. Those dual aims are reflected in the state's regulation of the sector since the mid-1980s. This article provides detailed information on the development of the non-profit sector in Vietnam. It examines some common problems many of the new non-profits and voluntary organisations face and discusses the rapidly changing environment for philanthropy in Vietnam. The article also reviews the developing legal environment for non-profits and philanthropy, compares the situation in Vietnam to other countries in transition, and situates the functions of the non-profit sector in Vietnam in the context of the emerging scholarly literature on functions and models of the non-profit sector and government/non-profit relations.
Analyzes giving by the Vietnamese diaspora in the United States back to Vietnam. Outlines the 1986-2006 evolution of Vietnamese-American philanthropy from individual to organized efforts; challenges; and recommendations for expanding scale and impact.
A unique analysis of the struggle to build a rule of law in one of the world's most dynamic and vibrant nations - a socialist state that is seeking to build a market economy while struggling to pursue an ethos of social equality and opportunity. It addresses constitutional change, the assertion of constitutional claims by citizens, the formation of a strong civil society and non-profit sector, the emergence of economic law and the battles over who is benefited by the new economic regulation, labour law and the protection of migrant and export labour, the rise of lawyers and public interest law, and other key topics. Alongside other countries, comparisons are made to parallel developments in another transforming socialist state, the People's Republic of China.
UNDP (2007). Khỏa lấp sự cách biệt: Xã hội dân sự mới nổi ở Việt Nam. Hà Nội, UNDP, VUSTA, SNV.
Wednesday
Văn hóa từ thiện ở Việt Nam và tác động của nó tới các sáng kiến quyên góp (Vietnamese Charity Culture and its implications to donation initiatives)
Full report is available in Vietnamese. The English version will be made available soon. Here are the main contents:
Lời cảm ơn/A thankful note page 3
Bối cảnh nghiên cứu/ Research context page 4
Mục tiêu nghiên cứu/ Research aims page 6
Phương pháp nghiên cứu / Research methods page 6
Các kết quả nghiên cứu / Research findings page 9
Sự khó khăn chính đáng / Legitimate difficulty page 10
Chuẩn mực về sự giúp đỡ qua lại /The rule of reciprocity page 14
Quản lý danh tiếng / Reputation management page 18
Niềm tin và sự hành chính hóa/Trust and the bureaucratization of charitable acts page 21
Sự sẵn sàng đóng góp cho các tổ chức phi chính phủ/ Willingness to donate to NGOs page 24
Kết luận và khuyến nghị/Conclusion and recommendations page 27
Tài liệu tham khảo/References page 29
Contact: vhphong (at) isee.org.vn
Tuesday
Gender & Sexuality Terms
http://www.columbia.org/pdf_files/glossary_of_sexuality_and_gender.pdf
http://www.engenderhealth.org/res/onc/sexuality/glossary
http://www.engenderhealth.org/res/onc/sti/glossary/
http://www.gaymidlands.org/facts
http://www.glossary.ippf.org/glossarybrower.aspx
http://www.health.qld.gov.au/sexhealth/glossary.shtml
http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/ccs/what_is_civil_society.htm
http://www.kithology.com/glossary.htm
http://www.socialsciencedictionary.nelson.com
http://www.unifem-eseasia.org/techpapers/genderdevelopment2000/genderconcepts.htm